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An abrupt inheritable change in a gene or a chromosome or even the chromosome number is known as mutation. It produces variations or differences between individuals.
Some examples are as following:
Albinism is the absence of pigments in the skin, hair and eyes of animals. It is a recessive mutation caused by a recessive allele. An albino individual has a reddish white skin and white hair. His iris does not contain any pigment; hence it appears red because of the color of the blood vessels in it, e.g. pink colored iris of albino rabbit. Albinos are very sensitive to sunlight and their skin is easy sunburned. The rate of mutation for albinism in a man is estimated to be about 28 per million gametes produced. Some geneticists claimed that at one time in the English population one out of about 20000 babies was an albino
Another example of a gene mutation is shown in the sickle-cell anaemia. This is caused by a recessive allele.
Persons who are homozygous recessive have abnormal haemoglobin in their red blood cells. The red blood cells become sickle-shaped. They are unable to transport oxygen efficiently. The severe anaemia in such persons is fatal. Fortunately, the disease is not common in man.
Some examples are as following:
Albinism is the absence of pigments in the skin, hair and eyes of animals. It is a recessive mutation caused by a recessive allele. An albino individual has a reddish white skin and white hair. His iris does not contain any pigment; hence it appears red because of the color of the blood vessels in it, e.g. pink colored iris of albino rabbit. Albinos are very sensitive to sunlight and their skin is easy sunburned. The rate of mutation for albinism in a man is estimated to be about 28 per million gametes produced. Some geneticists claimed that at one time in the English population one out of about 20000 babies was an albino
Another example of a gene mutation is shown in the sickle-cell anaemia. This is caused by a recessive allele.
Persons who are homozygous recessive have abnormal haemoglobin in their red blood cells. The red blood cells become sickle-shaped. They are unable to transport oxygen efficiently. The severe anaemia in such persons is fatal. Fortunately, the disease is not common in man.
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