Can You Please Tell Me Something About The Structure Of Human Respiratory System?

A pair of lungs with associated structures and organs like nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles from the respiratory system. The air enters through the nostrils into the nasal cavity. Nasal cavity is lined with the mucous secreting epithelium and ciliated epithelium. The nostrils are lined along with the hairs. The nasal cavities, located above the oral cavity and behind the nose are covered with epithelial tissue.

The breathing of cilia creates a current in the mucus that carries the trapped particles towards the back of the nasal cavity. From here, the mucus drips into the throat and is swallowed. Mucus keeps the nasal chamber wet and as the air passes through the chamber on its way to the lungs, dust particles and foreign substances in the air stick the mucus. The air gets warmed to body temperature and is also saturated with moisture. A number of cavities called sinuses open into the nasal cavity. The sinuses are lined with the mucus secreting epithelium.

The opening of sinuses into the nasal cavity is very narrow. If these apertures are closed due to cold or inflammation, the sinuses get filled up with mucus, which may produce headache etc. the thin compartment of the nasal cavity opens into the pharynx by means of two small apertures; which are called internal nares. The pharynx is muscular passage way that extends from behind the nasal cavities to the opening of esophagus and larynx. The air goes from the pharynx into the larynx.

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The respiratory system includes the mouth, the nose ,the nasopharynx, the pharynx the trachea the bronchus the bronchi alveoli ,the lungs and the rib cage and intercostal muscles. Air passes through the mouth and nose to the lungs via the naso pharynx and pharynx{back of the nose and mouth} through the trachea and larynx or voice box, then it enters the lungs via the bronchus , the bronchi and into the small air sacs called alveoli where the diffusion of gasses occurs. the bronchus and the bronchi are likened to an upside down tree and the alveoli would be the leaves. The rib cage expands during respiration to allow the lungs to fully inflate.The small intercostal muscles are known as the muscles of respiration, if these were paralysed and the ribcage could not expand the person would die.

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