Can Anyone Tell Me About Ibn Khaldun And Al-Khwarizmi?

Ans.:  Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406):

Abdul Rehman Ibn Khaldun, who lived from 1332-1406, is known as 'the Father of Historiography'. Born in Tunisia, Ibn Khaldun grew up to quite a turbulent life. He served at the royal court in Fez (morocco), and then went to Granada, and eventually back to North Africa. He also served as Grand Qazi (chief Justice) in Cairo. He was trapped in Damascus when Temur, who allowed him, to Cairo – an unusual event, as many people were killed during this battle.

Ibn Khaldun was a shrewd observer of human nature, and the development of people and civilization. He can also be called the 'Father of sociology' for his study and observations on groups of people. The 'Mquaddamah' (introductions) to the 'Kitab-ul-ibar', written falls of civilizations. Ibn Khaldun died in Egypt.

Al-Khwarizmi (died 840):

Mohammed Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi was the famous mathematician, who was born in Khwarizmi, in Persia. He established the Indian numeral system and the use of zero in mathematics.

His fame rests on his work 'Al-Maqalah fi Hisab al-Jabr wal Muqabalah' from which the word 'algebra' is Derived– and on his mathematical calculations, which are named after him: algorithms.

Al-Khwarizmi also worked on astronomy and geography, and made sundials and astrolabes. He died in 840.