Can You Explain The Structure Of Cytoplasm?

This is a typical question about the organization of living organisms, usually discussing the unit of life i.e. the cell. The part of the protoplasm surrounding the nucleus is called the cytoplasm. It usually forms the larger part of the cell. The nucleus is also found in the cytoplasm of the cell and it controls the normal cell activities. Embedded in the cytoplasm are the following:

1. Small spherical or rod shaped structures called mitochondria (singular: mitochondrion). Mitochondria are involved in the release of energy during cell respiration process. The energy released may be used by the cell to perform vital activities such as growth of the cell and reproduction.

2. Vacuoles: A vacuole is a fluid filled space enclosed by a membrane. Animal cells may have many small vacuoles but they are not usually permanent. Vacuoles may contain water and food substances. A plant cell usually has a large central vacuole containing cell spa which contains dissolved substances such as sugars, mineral salts and amino acids. This large vacuole is enclosed by a membrane called the tonoplast.
3. A pair of tiny structures close to the nucleus called centrioles which play a part in cell division. Centrioles are absent in most plants.

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