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asked 4 months ago
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Nice question because we tend to think that hot air rises and cold settles down. So all hot air should be high up. But...
Air near the earth's surface is more pressurized than that at higher altitudes (Pressure = density x gravitational acceleration x column depth). Consider a certain mass of air near earth's surface heated up by earth's convection. Now this starts rising towards lower pressure altitude.
Assuming no energy is gained or lost by this chunk of air, i.e. Adiabatic expansion,
PV ^(gamma) = constant ... ^ means 'raised to the power'
And from ideal gas equation,
PV= n R T
P is pressure, V is volume of gas under consideration, T is temperature, n and R are constants in this case, and gamma=1.4 (for air)
Working these equations out
P^ 0.28 = constant x temperature
Thus we see with fall in pressure, temperature also reduces.
I apologize if I didn't put it simply enough. Adiabatic expansion and other thermodynamic theories are better covered in high school Physics.
Ciao
Air near the earth's surface is more pressurized than that at higher altitudes (Pressure = density x gravitational acceleration x column depth). Consider a certain mass of air near earth's surface heated up by earth's convection. Now this starts rising towards lower pressure altitude.
Assuming no energy is gained or lost by this chunk of air, i.e. Adiabatic expansion,
PV ^(gamma) = constant ... ^ means 'raised to the power'
And from ideal gas equation,
PV= n R T
P is pressure, V is volume of gas under consideration, T is temperature, n and R are constants in this case, and gamma=1.4 (for air)
Working these equations out
P^ 0.28 = constant x temperature
Thus we see with fall in pressure, temperature also reduces.
I apologize if I didn't put it simply enough. Adiabatic expansion and other thermodynamic theories are better covered in high school Physics.
Ciao
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