Where Did The First Civilization Arise?

While there is some debate, the Mesopotamian civilization of Sumer which officially is thought to have commenced approximately 4000-3500 BC, is deemed to be the world's first civilization. There have been claims that it ended at 2334 BC following the rise of Akkad.

Sumer (or Šumer) was situated in the southern region of Mesopotamia (which is currently south-eastern Iraq). This civilizations belonging to the Ancient Near East lasted from the period of the earliest records dating in the middle of the 4th millennium BC up to the rise of Babylonia which took place in the latter 3rd millennium BC. Note that the word "Sumerian" is used to refer to speakers of the Sumerian language.

Sumer along with Ancient Egypt as well as the Indus Valley Civilization would be regarded as the world's first settled society to have exhibited all the qualities and features required to meet the criteria of a "civilization".

In Mesopotamia