How Do I Identify The Name Of An Organic Compound In Chemistry?

Qualitative analysis of organic compounds forms a major part of experimental organic chemistry.  No one definite procedure can be applied totally to organic qualitative analysis to identify the organic compound. The qualitative tests which formerly made use of enormous quantities of a number of hazardous chemicals stocked in laboratories for the purpose of experiments, are slowly giving way to modern spectroscopic methods.

In a bid to find out the identity of two unknown organic compounds, you need to combine one qualitative test with modern analytical tests of mass spectrometry (MS) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).  
Here are some of the steps of the qualitative analysis:

1. Preliminary Test: Here the physical characteristics of the compound are noted, for instance, the state, colour and the odour. Acids are known to have a sharp, pungent odour while esters have a nice fruity smell.
2. Physical constants: Used to determine the melting point or the boiling point. In case of liquids, the distillation method is recommended.

Apart from the above two, the solubility tests and group classification tests are also employed generally in the analysis of organic compounds.