How Are Bridges Used In Japanese Garden Design?

          Bridges are used to interconnect islands in ponds, as paths across water areas and to adorn and connect pathways. The bridge has always played a part as both a functional and an aesthetic element of the Japanese garden.

          The bridges that are used usually reflect the era in which the garden was designed. In modern times, it can reflect whichever period the gardener has chosen, or can be intermingled in more contemporary designs. Bridges are made of wood or stone. The wooden bridge can be either an ornate structure such as that seen at Shosei-en, or simple logs bound together.

          The stone structures are again either elaborate or single slabs such as the famous example in the south garden at Kyoto's Imperial Palace. A series of slabs can also be used, as seen crossing the pond at Joruri-ji. In dry landscapes, bridges may be used to cross areas representing the element of water to increase authenticity.

          In the Heian period they were influenced by Chinese design and allowed bridges to pass underneath. The most rare surviving bridge structure is known as the full moon bridge which is arched in design.