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Life cycle:
Gametophytes:
The gametophyte is highly lobed and irregular in outline. Antheridia and archegonia are partially sunken in the gametophtic tissue.
Sporophyte:
Except for a little early stage of development the sporophyte is not dependent upon gametophyte for nourishment and protection. The sporophyte exhibit many characters due to which it can thrive or live on land more comfortably as compared to the other groups.
Stomata and chloroplast:
The sporophyte has stomata and chloroplasts in the epidermis and can thus photosynthesize its own food rather than obtaining it from gametophyte.
Waxy cuticle:
It also has a waxy cuticle to check excessive loss of water.
Indeterminate growth:
At the junction of foot and spore producing region there is a band of meristematic tissue. This tissue keeps on adding cells towards the sporogenous region during the formation, maturation and dispersal of spores from the opposite end. Due to the fast growth rate of this meristematic tissue the sporophyte keeps on increasing in length for an indefinite period of time. This type of growth is called intermediate growth.
Gametophytes:
The gametophyte is highly lobed and irregular in outline. Antheridia and archegonia are partially sunken in the gametophtic tissue.
Sporophyte:
Except for a little early stage of development the sporophyte is not dependent upon gametophyte for nourishment and protection. The sporophyte exhibit many characters due to which it can thrive or live on land more comfortably as compared to the other groups.
Stomata and chloroplast:
The sporophyte has stomata and chloroplasts in the epidermis and can thus photosynthesize its own food rather than obtaining it from gametophyte.
Waxy cuticle:
It also has a waxy cuticle to check excessive loss of water.
Indeterminate growth:
At the junction of foot and spore producing region there is a band of meristematic tissue. This tissue keeps on adding cells towards the sporogenous region during the formation, maturation and dispersal of spores from the opposite end. Due to the fast growth rate of this meristematic tissue the sporophyte keeps on increasing in length for an indefinite period of time. This type of growth is called intermediate growth.
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