What Is Multiprocessor System? Can You Describe Some Advantages Of Multiprocessor Systems?

Multiprocessing is a type of processing in which two or more processors work together to process more than one program simultaneously. It allows the system to do more work in a shorter period of time. UNIX is one of the most widely used multiprocessing systems.
Multiprocessor system is also known as parallel system or tightly-coupled system. It means that multiple processors are tied together in some manner. Generally, (he processors are in close communication with each other. They share common data structures and a common system clock.

Advantages of Multiprocessor Systems:
Some advantages of multiprocessor system are as follows:
•     Reduced Cost: Multiple processors share the same resources. Separate power supply or mother board for each chip is not required. This reduces the cost.
•     Increased Reliability: The reliability of system is also increased. The failure of one processor does not affect the other processors though it will slow down the machine. Several mechanisms are required to achieve increased reliability. If a processor fails, a job running on that processor also fails. The system must be able to reschedule the failed job or to alert the user that the job was not successfully completed.

•     Increased Throughput: An increase in the number of processes completes the work in less time. It is important to note that doubling the number of processors does not halve the time to complete a job. It is due to the overhead in communication between processors and contention for shared resources etc.

Multi Processor Systems also known as Parallel or Tightly Coupled Systems. Those systems that contain only one processor are known as single processor system. Multi processor systems have more than one processor that's why known as multi processor systems. Some main advantages of multi processor systems are given below.

(1) As we increase the number of processors then it means that more work can be done in less time. Id more than one processor cooperates on a task then they will take less time to complete it.

(2) If we divide functions among several processors, then if one processor fails then it will not affect the system or we can say it will not halt the system, but it will affect on the work speed. Suppose I have five processors and one of them fails due to some reasons then each of the remaining four processors will share the work of failed processor. So it means that system will not fail but definitely failed processor will affect on its speed.

(3) If you pay attention on the matter of which save much money among multi processor systems and multiple single-processor systems then you will know that multiprocessor systems save more money than multiple single-processor systems. Because they can share power supplies, memory and peripherals.

A multiprocessor system is a computer with more than one processor. If you buy yourself a modern PC with a Dual-Core or Quad-Core CPU, you already got a multiprocessor machine.
They are used to distribute the computational load over several processing units (CPUs) to speed up processes.

Multiprocessor machines usually share the same memory so sharing data among several CPUs is quick and easy.

Multiprocessor system have more than one processor in close communication, sharing the computer bus the clock and sometimes memory and peripheral devices. This system are referred to as tightly coupled system.
One main advantage in such system is increased throughput.
By increasing the number of processor more work will be done in shorter period of time. They can also save money compared to multiple single system because the processor can be peripheral and power supplies.
They increase reliability it functions can be distributed properly among several processors, then the failure of one processor will not halt the system but will only slow it down...

Its about runing two computers on one machine to share resources like hardwares.