Write A Note On Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis, also known as osteoarthrosis or degenerative arthritis, is a common chronic joint disorder characterized by degenerative changes in articulate cartilage and marginal bony over growth.  The disorder affects both men and women, but has a higher incidence in women over the age of 55.  The prevalence of the disease increases with age and is almost universal in individuals over the age of 75.  

The placement stress on joints is implicated in the development of osteoarthritis regardless of age, so that previous trauma, athletics, obesity, and strenuous labour are all considered factors in the development of the disease. Genetic factors are important in certain presentations of the disease.   

The clinical manifestations of the disease include soreness and an aching, poorly localized pain that occur with the use of the involved joint (s) and is relieved by rest.  As the disease progresses, pain occurs even at rest.  Joint stiffness is most pronounced in the morning and after periods of activity during the day, and usually lasts less than 30 minutes.  The patient complains of stiffness, soreness, and pain in the affected joint (s).  

Crepitation may be felt or heard on movement.  The range of motion becomes increasingly limited because of pain, muscle spasm and the bony out growths.  Joint enlargement and instability develop, and the joint feels hard and irregular.  Bony growths on the dorsal surface of affected interphalangeal joints give the knuckles s knobby or gnarled appearance.  Systemic manifestations do not occur.