What Is Object Oriented Programming?

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses "objects" and their interactions to design applications and computer programs. Programming techniques may include features such as encapsulation,modularity,polymorphism, and inheritance. It was not commonly used in mainstream software application development until the early 1990s. Many modern now support programming languages OOP.

Components of Object oriented Programming?

Computer programs are lists of instructions that tell the computer what to do.

The programs also work with data (i.e., numbers) that are stored in the computer's memory.

In older styles of computer programming, the data was accessible from any part of the computer program. This was a simple scheme, and worked OK for small program.

However, with larger programs, that are doing more things, this simple scheme has some problems.

One of the main problems is, different parts of the program might try to change the same piece of data at the same time, and cause problems for each other.

In an "Object Oriented Program", the data and the code that manages it are combined into an "object". If another part of the program want to use or change the data, it has to ask the Object for permission. This reduces errors when the program runs.

This technique is called "encapsulation".

Other techniques are Modularity (designing parts of a program to be independent and re-usable in other programs), and Inheritance (where a simple Object can be expanded and extended into a new, more complex Object). The topic of Polymorphism is a feature of some OO programming languages, but is a very advanced concept, and will not be discussed here.