What Do You Know About DATABASE LANGUAGE?

Database language is another important part of DBMS. It is used to access the required data from database as well as to design the structure of database. A user uses a database language for interfacing with the DBMS to access the data from database. A user can either be an application programmer or an end-user. For example, an application programmer may use COBOL or C++ or Visual Basic or any fourth-general language (4GL).

Similarly, an end-user may use database access language, which is also known as query language. Mostly, the application programmer inserts the statements of the database access language into its program written in general-purpose programming language. It is because database access language is also referred to as data sub-language. Similarly, the database language does not provide the complete programming language features. Many DBMSs have their own unique sub-languages.

The users use the database access language to enter new data, change the existing data in database and to retrieve required data from databases. The user writes a set of appropriate commands or statements in a database access language and submits these to the DBMS. The DBMS translates the user commands and sends it to a specific part of the DBMS called the Database Jet Engine. The database engine generates a set of results according to the commands submitted by user, converts these into a user readable form called an Inquiry Report and then displays them on the screen. The administrators use the database access language to create and maintain the databases.
The most popular database access language is SQL (Structured Query Language). Relational Databases are required to have a database query language. Today most of the RDBMSs use the SQL as database access language. Ms-Access also uses the SQL to perform different operations on the databases. These operations are hidden from the users.
The sub-language is further divided into two major parts. These are: (i) Data Definition Language.
(ii) Data Manipulation Language.

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Following languages are used in DBMS.
* DDL: Data definition language is used to define the database conceptual schema. DDL also defines user views and storage structure in many Database Management Systems.
Basically, database administrator and designer used this language to define conceptual and internal schema.

* DML: Data Manipulation Language contains operations which are used to access and modify database as retrieval, insertion, deletion and modification of the data, so we ca also define it as a language which provide a set of operations is called DML. DML can be nonprocedural or procedural. Nonprocedural DML can be used to specify complex database operations. We can enter high level DML statements from a monitor or terminal and we can also embed these statements in general purpose programming language.

A high level DML can be embedded in a host programming language, or it can be used as a stand alone language in the latter case it is also called a query language.
Low level or procedural language can also be embedded in a general purpose programming language. This language is used to restrict individual records, or objects from the database. High level DML is also called declarative because a query in high level DML sometimes specify which data to retrieve. There is one more database language, known as view Definition language.

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