Could You Choose Two Or Three Eastern Philosophies And Describe How They Compare. Take Sides, Determine Which Philosophies Are Most Persuasive, And Explain Why?

Philosophy of religion is the philosophical examination of
the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions. It involves
all the main areas of philosophy: Metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics and
value theory, the philosophy of language, philosophy of science, law,
sociology, politics, history, and so on. Philosophy of religion also includes
an investigation into the religious significance of historical events (e.g.,
the Holocaust) and general features of the cosmos (e.g., laws of nature, the
emergence of conscious life, widespread testimony of religious significance,
and so on). Section one offers an overview of the field and its significance,
with subsequent sections covering developments in the field since the
mid-twentieth century. These sections will address philosophy of religion as
studied primarily in analytic departments of philosophy and religious studies
in English speaking countries. He philosophical exploration of religious
beliefs and practices is evident in the earliest recorded philosophy, east and
west. In the west, throughout Greco-Roman philosophy and the Medieval era, philosophical
reflection on God, or gods, reason and faith, the soul, afterlife, and so on
were not considered to be a sub-discipline called "philosophy of religion." The
philosophy of God was simply one component among many interwoven philosophical
projects. This intermingling of philosophical inquiry with religious themes and
the broader enterprises of philosophy (e.g. Political theory, epistemology, et
al.) is apparent among many early modern philosophers such as John Locke
and George Berkeley. Only gradually do we find texts devoted exclusively to
religious themes. The first use of the term "philosophy of religion" in English
occurs in the 17th century work of Ralph Cudworth. Cudworth and his
Cambridge University colleague Henry Moore produced philosophical work with a
specific focus on religion and so, if one insisted on dating the beginning of
philosophy of religion as a field, there are good reasons for claiming that it
began (gradually) in the mid- 17th century (see Taliaferro 2005). A
significant amount of work on the meaningfulness of religious language was
carried out in the medieval period, with major contributions made by Maimonides
(1135-1204), Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), Duns Scotus (1266-1308), and William
of Ockham (1285-1347). This work built on the even earlier work on Religious
language by Philo (20 BCE-50CE), Clement (150-215) and Origen (185-259) of Alexandria. In the modern
era, the greatest concentration on religious language has taken place in
response to logical positivism and to the latter work of Wittgenstein
(1889-1951). This section and the next highlights these two more recent
movements.

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