What Do You Know About Biological And Emergent Evolution?

Biological Evolution: According to Lam Arch, the different species of animals, which have the same origin, have gradually developed from simple structures to their complexity. This evolution in the biological world is due to two factors; viz; modification in the structure and functions of the species due to the influences of the environment and inheritance of these acquired modifications by the later generations.

This is called "Lamarckism". Another votary of the biological evolution is Charles Darwin, who advanced three factors, viz; struggle for existence and survival of the fittest, chance variation and heredity which are responsible for the evolutionary transformations in the species.

Emergent Evolution: The theory of emergent evolution is advocated by C. Lloyd Morgan and S. Alexander in opposition to the theory of repetitive evolution. The evolutionary process is not a leveling down of matter, life and mind to one colorless type, but the creation of novelty at different levels.

The onward march of the evolutionary process reveals that new or higher types emerge from the lower ones. Evolution is, therefore, an existence. At each stage something new or novel emerges from the previous and lower stage. In this set-up of the theory, the proponent accepts God as the nisus or urge behind the evolutionary process.

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