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Steroid hormones usually can access the cell membrane and enter into the cytoplasm and then tot he nucleus. however, the peptide hormones need to communicate with receptors first who will carry the signal to the inside of the cell.(In details...
peptide bonds interact with surface receptor molecules on cells, and work via signal transduction (G-proteins, IP3/DAG pathway, MAP-kinase pathway, tyrosine-kinase receptors, etc.). These pathways ultimately end up increasing or decreasing transcription by way of transcription factors, but they never actually enter the cell! Steroid hormones DO IN FACT enter the cell and inside the cell directly interact with transcription factors to upregulate or downregulate transcription of a gene. )
peptide bonds interact with surface receptor molecules on cells, and work via signal transduction (G-proteins, IP3/DAG pathway, MAP-kinase pathway, tyrosine-kinase receptors, etc.). These pathways ultimately end up increasing or decreasing transcription by way of transcription factors, but they never actually enter the cell! Steroid hormones DO IN FACT enter the cell and inside the cell directly interact with transcription factors to upregulate or downregulate transcription of a gene. )
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