Which Is The Earliest Civilization Of Mankind?

Evidence for the existence of modern humans and their settlements goes back at least 25,000 years in the form of tools, early art etc. However, "civilization" in the sense of larger, complex and settled communities only emerged much later. Probably the earliest of these communities developed in the "Fertile Crescent" in the Near East, where the Nile, Tigris and Euphrates rivers, as well as the warm climate, allowed agriculture to flourish about 10,000 years ago.
Early cities, like Jericho on the River Jordan, and Catal Huyuk in what is now Eastern Turkey, grew up around this time; by 6250 BCE, Catal Huyuk had a population of at least 6000 and a highly developed culture. Meanwhile, communities were developing along the River Nile; over time, these joined together, becoming "upper and lower Egypt" by 3500 BCE, and forming a united Egypt in 2920. At about this time, the Sumerian city-states of Mesopotamia (now Iraq), also flourished. the Indus Valley, in what is now Pakistan, contained another ancient civilization which ended about 3500 years ago, possibly because of flooding.

Actually it's Atlantis.

I believe it was indeed in the fertile crescent; you must remember that civilization has several distinct characteristics (which I can't remember), so some of the early communities which wordy mentioned may not be technically considered civilizations.  One of the earliest was Sumer, which developed in Mesopotamia (the "fertile crescent" between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers), which developed sometime in the 4th century BCE.

There has been a lot of controversy on this matter.

A good reference, which I'm reading at the moment would be "Fingerprints of the Gods"

It starts out with a very good argument of the earliest recorded maps of the globe.
The most intriguing is 'The Bauche Map' published in 1737, shows the southern 'Antarctica' as it would have looked if it wasn't covered by any ice at all.  The topography of Antarctica wasn't surveyed until 1958.
The map that the eighteenth-century French geographer Philippe Bauche was a compilation of maps.  But how could he acquire a map of Antarctica is it would have been maybe 15,000 years?
This says that there must have been some sort of intelligent culture that must have been around to see this... And not only see it but have the capacity to record it and map it.