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The Forth Railway Bridge was opened by the then Prince of Wales on 4 March 1890. Up until then the only direct route out of Edinburgh and across to Fife was by ferry. Plans and ideas for spanning the Forth to allow direct rail access were in place in 1878. Then the 1879 Tay Bridge disaster in which the rail bridge collapsed causing large scale loss of life put paid to further development. New ideas were sought in 1881 and Sir John Fowler and Benjamin Baker were asked to complete their design. This was an innovative combination of three cantilevered sections suspended spans inbetween. The final plan, which stands today in the form of the completed bridge, showed 1700ft spans which were, at the time, greater than any existing bridge. It was built to withstand a wind force of 56lb per sq ft and the first major British bridge to be built of steel rather than cast iron. The superstructure of the bridge took only three years to complete once the supporting foundations were laid.
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