What Are Some Historical Uses For Saffron?

Saffron, or Crocus sativus, has an ancient history and was mentioned in the Song of Solomon, written 3000 years ago.  Considered precious, saffron was used to dye the clothing of royals and was often included in the rich cosmetic unguents used by elite women of ancient times.  The hetaerae of ancient Greece (professional female entertainers who were roughly equivalent to the Geishas of Japan) used saffron in their scented chambers, both as a "strewing herb," and as an ingredient in incense.

Medicinally, saffron is a carminative, diaphoretic and anodyne, but its high cost is prohibitive for use as a medicine.  Today, saffron is primarily used in cooking, where it imparts a pleasing aroma, subtle taste, and lovely yellow colour to rice and other dishes.