How Government Can Reduce Labour Market Discrimination?

Over the last 25 years, governments have taken numerous steps to end discrimination practices. But even today, the United States has been unable to eradicate discrimination based on race, gender, and other characteristics.
What approaches are available to combat discrimination? The major steps were legal landmarks, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlaws discrimination in hiring, firing, and employment, and the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which requires employers to pay men and women equally for the same work.
Such laws helped dismantle the most blatant discriminatory practices, but more subtle barriers remain. To counter them, more aggressive and controversial policies have been introduced, including measures such as affirmative action. This requires employers to show that they are taking extra steps to locate and hire under-represented groups. Studies indicate that this approach, labelled by critics as reverse discrimination, has had a modest positive effect on the hiring and wages of women and minorities.   
Encouraging employers to pay more attention to personal performance can combat often discrimination. If statistical discrimination tends to harm women and minority groups and reduce incentives to invest in human capital, discrimination will be reduced if employers look at the measures of personal skills such as school grades as well as teacher and employer recommendations.