What Is Voluntary And Involuntary Action?

An action which takes place willingly under the directions from brain is a voluntary action e.g. lifting of book, turning off an electric switch, riding a bicycle so on and so forth. In voluntary action the sensory stimuli may be conveyed directly to the brain through sensory neurons or may first go to the spinal cord from where the information may be passed on to the brain by associative neurons. The brain then comprehends the informations and sends motor impulse to the specific effectors for relevant controlled response.

A spinal nerve arises from spinal cord by two roots. The two roots combine to form spinal nerve. The nerve thus formed is a mixed nerve. In an organ which is supplied by it i.e. fore-arm of man the sensory fibers supply the skin and the motor fiber supply muscles. When a person accidentally touches something very hot the hand is abruptly with drawn. In the nerve cord the associative neurons transfer the nerve impulse from sensory to the motor neurons.

An involuntary action is an action which is elicited without any conscious recognition are effort by an organism. These actions have adaptive values because these actions required to be produced at once for the survival of the individual and safe existence. A nervous pathway which operates automatically without having to wait for directions from brain is reflex arc. Many such reflexes operate in the body and increase the efficiency of nervous system.

Add Comment

Report