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Who Was Virginia Apgar?

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    Virginia Apgar was born on June 7, 1909 in Westfield, New Jersey and passed away on August 7, 1974.

    She was a well established American doctor who specialized in anesthesia and pediatrics. She is credited for recognizing the importance of monitoring a new born baby's health after birth, so she created the APGAR score. The Apgar score is not only Virginia's last name, it is also an analogy for Appearance, Pulse, Grimmace (reflex and irritability), Activity (muscle tone and flexibility), and Respirations. The APGAR score is first performed on the new born baby one minute after birth and then again five minutes after birth. This procedure has been successful at detecting possible health problems in the newborn baby and as a result, it has saved a lot of lives.

    Virginia Apgar was also the first board-certified woman anesthesiologist (1937). In 1938 she was appointed director of anesthesiology at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. She was the university's first female department head.
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