Newfoundland and Labrador is the name of a Canadian province, ranking 10th in terms of provinces to join the Confederation. It is comprised of the island of Newfoundland as well as mainland Labrador on Canada's Atlantic coast.

Originally, the whole province was called as Newfoundland, however since the year 1964, the government has called itself as the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador and in the month of December in the year 2001, the province was officially named Newfoundland and Labrador by a constitutional amendment. However, the inhabitants still refer to the province as Newfoundland, and to the Labrador region as merely Labrador.

The name Newfoundland is borrowed from English as 'New Found Land', while the name Labrador is named after a Portuguese explorer called Joao Fernandes Lavrador.
The province houses a total of 505, 469 residents as per the census conducted in the year 2006.