What Are Genetic Disorders?

The genetic disorders are resulted from the abnormalities in DNA structure and functionality. It may ranges from a mutation in a single gene to the mutation in multiple genes or addition or subtraction of chromosome at its most complex level. The former is caused when the protein product of a single gene is altered during mutation in a single gene. These type of alteration causes disorders including sickle cell disease, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorders (SCID) etc. The latter is generally known as multifactor genetic disorders. They result from mutation in multiple genes, which are not only dependent on inheritance, but they may be associated with environmental factors as well. These types include colon cancer, breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease, etc. The other type of severe genetic disorder is chromosomal abnormalities, characterizing either entire or large segment of chromosome either missing, or altered or duplicated. This causes Huntington's disease, Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD), Down Syndrome etc.