What Is A U2?

A U2 is an American spy-plane which performs photo-reconnaissance from high altitudes. Introduced in 1955, the aircraft flew high in the Earth's atmosphere, on the very edge of space. The plane carried no armaments and, because of its huge wingspan, had limited manoeuvrability. However, it could fly so high that it was believed to be essentially immune to any form of attack because no missile or hostile aircraft could reach it. Because of this, it was used to fly reconnaissance missions over the Soviet Union. The Soviets protested vigorously at this violation of their airspace but were powerless to do anything about it. They worked feverishly to improve their missile systems, however, so that they could target the high-flying aircraft. Eventually, in 1960, they succeeded in shooting one down. The pilot, Gary Powers, survived the downing of his aircraft, and was eventually exchanged for a captured Russian spy.

U2 spy planes are still in service today.