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Monsoon basically is a season, the rainy season in particular. It is a form of a wind pattern which reverses directions according to the season. This term was first used for seasonal winds that occurred in the Indian Ocean and the Arabic Ocean.
In continents like Asia, the Northeastern winter monsoons generally occur from December to the beginning of March. The basic temperature around and over central Asia is generally lower, which forms a zone of high pressure here.
The jet streams which are there in these areas usually split up into two parts which are know as southern subtropical jet and the polar jet. The subtropical surge directs the northeasterly winds to drive across south Asia, which goes on to create dry air streams that go on to cause clear skies all over India during the month of November to May.
In continents like Asia, the Northeastern winter monsoons generally occur from December to the beginning of March. The basic temperature around and over central Asia is generally lower, which forms a zone of high pressure here.
The jet streams which are there in these areas usually split up into two parts which are know as southern subtropical jet and the polar jet. The subtropical surge directs the northeasterly winds to drive across south Asia, which goes on to create dry air streams that go on to cause clear skies all over India during the month of November to May.
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The word "monsoon" comes from an Arab word meaning "season". It has to do with a type of climate in which winds flow from sea to land (onshore) during the warm season, and from land to sea (offshore)during the cool season. The warm season of onshore winds is often very rainy, while the cool season of offshore winds may be dry.
What causes this seasonal change in winds and rainfall? It is due to the fact that large continents or land masses heat and cool more rapidly than the surrounding oceans. Central and Southern Asia grow warm rapidly in the spring, and during the summer they are much warmer than the Indian Ocean on the south, or the Pacific Ocean on the east.
The warmer temperatures inland create lower atmospheric pressures, and therefore the wind flows inland from the surrounding seas. This is the onshore or summer monsoon.
In the autumn, interior Asia cools rapidly and during the winter it has much lower temperatures than the surrounding oceans. These lower temperatures create high atmospheric pressures, and therefore the winter monsoon winds flow outward from the dry interior regions toward the sea.
Southern and Eastern Asia have the strongest development of monsoon climate because of the vast size of that continent.
What causes this seasonal change in winds and rainfall? It is due to the fact that large continents or land masses heat and cool more rapidly than the surrounding oceans. Central and Southern Asia grow warm rapidly in the spring, and during the summer they are much warmer than the Indian Ocean on the south, or the Pacific Ocean on the east.
The warmer temperatures inland create lower atmospheric pressures, and therefore the wind flows inland from the surrounding seas. This is the onshore or summer monsoon.
In the autumn, interior Asia cools rapidly and during the winter it has much lower temperatures than the surrounding oceans. These lower temperatures create high atmospheric pressures, and therefore the winter monsoon winds flow outward from the dry interior regions toward the sea.
Southern and Eastern Asia have the strongest development of monsoon climate because of the vast size of that continent.
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