How Many Different Types Of Martial Arts Are There ?

One.
there are different ranges, or distances, you fight from.
how you fight depends on range.
there is close range, close enough to wrestle. This is called trapping range. You must stop them,
tangle up their limbs, disarm their weapons, even break bones. This is because at wrestling or trapping range, you can get your own neck broken. Not desirable.
so judo, aikido, jiujisu, etc. Are all part of that range, as is much of streetfighting.

there is boxing range, where you are close enough to use your hands or a club but not much else.
people cant kick you at boxing range, but they can sweep you off your feet, and wrestlers will try to close the distance to get you on the ground into their range.

there is throwing range. Most martial artists can pick up things and throw them with enough force and accuracy to be a danger. Think shuriken range, or throwing daggers. This is a problem for a judo man who is great in wrestling range; he has to get his hands on you to be useful.

there is also long range weapons range. That is also part of martial arts. Arrows and bullets can only be stopped by extreme mind control, or foresight not to be there.

karate means empty hand way. It means dont be there to be hit.

this comes from the bruce lee school of thought, and basically it means you live your life so you wont be in trouble, or stir the waters. But if you get in a jam, you are trained to survive or prevail. The physical training takes 80% of your time but its only 20% of your progress.
your progress is measured in being able to casually sidestep any difficulties and let them roll off you like rain off an umbrella. Breathing and training, is 20% OF martial arts. The other 80% is getting yoru life straight so you dont make your own obstacles and you are un-entangled when the fight comes to you, so you can roll with it.
so there is only one martial art or art of war: Self mastery.

seua